Application screening for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research by JSPS is implemented by the JSPS Committee on Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research. The committee consists of approximately 4,700 reviewers who have been selected from each academic field.

The screening process comprises an initial document review of the written applications from a specialized viewpoint, conducted by between three and six reviewers working individually per application, and a second panel review conducted by small field-specific committees comprising up to 20 members.
They adjust the evaluation of the fist review if deemed appropriate and make selections.

Notification of the selections results is made to the applicants via their affiliated research institutions. In addition, information on the selected projects is available from the database of "Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research" at the Global Environment for Networked Intellectual Information (GeNii).
Unsuccessful under the categories Scientific Research, Challenging Exploratory Research and Encouragement of Young Scientists who requested their first review results, when applying are notified by confidential  letter from the Committee on Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research.