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This Handbook is intended mainly for researchers who are conducting research with financial assistancefrom the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) program or intend to apply for a researchgrant under the program. The basics of the program are outlined here in an accessible format.Be sure to read through this Handbook in order to further your understanding of the program and tomake more effective use of the funds provided under the framework of this program.KAKENHI are funded by the tax of citizens and other public sources. Those conducting research underthis program are expected to observe the rules established by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), as wellas rules prescribed by each research institution, and to make proper and efficient use of the funds.This English version is provided for convenience of KAKENHI grant recipients who experience difficultyin reading the Japanese original, which should be referred to, in case of dispute.01.02. What are the KAKENHI rules? 03. Year-round schedule of KAKENHI process04. Who is eligible to apply for KAKENHI? 05.06. How are applications reviewed?07.08.09. What does direct expenses cover?10. What are indirect expenses? 11. Can a research plan be modified? 12.13. How to spend the Multi-year Funds14.15.16. What happens if the rules are not followed?17.What is the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) program?What issues need to be considered when applying? When do the research grants become available for use?What is management by research institutions?How to spend the Series of Single-year GrantsWhat assessments are performed during and after the research period?How are the research results and achievements reported? Code of conduct, laws and regulations, etc. that scientists must adhere to ・・・・・P1・・・・・P4・・・・・P5・・・・・P6・・・・・P7・・・・・P9・・・・P10・・・・P10・・・・P11・・・・P13・・・・P13・・・・P15・・・・P15・・・・P16・・・・P16・・・・P20・・・・P21PrefaceWhen applyingWhen conducting research with KAKENHIContentsPreface