| 1.Research Institution | Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology | |
| 2.Research Area | Life Science | |
| 3.Research Field | Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Environment and Application to Biotechnology | |
| 4.Term of Project | FY1996〜FY2000 | |
| 5.Project Number | 96L00605 | |
| 6.Title of Project | Molecular Breeding of Woody Plants and Its Fundamental Study |
| Name | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Noriyuki Morohoshi | Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, BASE | Professor |
8.Core Members
| Names | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Hiroo Fukuda | University of Tokyo, Biological Science | Professor |
| Takao Ito | Kyoto University, Wood Research Institute | Professor |
| Toyoki Kozai | Chiba University, Horticulture | Professor |
9.Cooperating Researchers
| Names | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Keishi Takabe | Kyoto University, Forest and Biomaterial | Associate Professor |
| Koichi Mizuno | Osaka University, Graduate school of Science | Associate Professor |
| Yoshihiro Ozeki | Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Technology | Associate Professor |
10.Summary of Research Results
|
This project was carried out from two viewpoints which are fundamental and applied fields. In former, the molecular biological and histochemical analyses on the formation of vascular bundle and on the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin in woody plants were performed. In latter, the following issues were researched the establishment of the techniques, recombination, differentiation and regeneration, and tissue culture in wood, and the development of application techniques to make a useful transgenic trees. These results are as follows: 1) Transcription factors involved in the formation of vascular bundles, the promoter of the hydrolysis enzyme genes expressing when vessels are formed especially, and the factor genes inducing the differentiation were isolated and analyzed. It was clear that these isolated promoters usefully worked in wood. 2) High polymer of cellulose was synthesized in the terminal complexes (TC) on the cell wall. TC was composed of CesA protein, g-tubulin protein and other 5 to 6 kinds of constitutional proteins. 3) PAL, OMT, CAD and PO genes involved in lignin biosynthesis were isolated from wood. Localization of these enzymes on the cell wall was tested using their antibody on the electron microscopic level and the mechanism of lignification was clear on the cell wall. 4) MAT vector system, a recombination technique of woody plants was devised. Using this method, the poplar decreasing 25-45% of lignin content and the Cryptomerea japonica that not bring about pollinosis were made. 5) A mass production system on the bases of the photoautotrophic techniques was developed by the combination of new some techniques on the introduce of adventive embryo, regeneration and tissue culture in sugi, hinoki, mahogany and so on. |
11.Key Words
(1)Genes forming vascular bundle、(2)Cellulose、(3)Lignin
(4)Transgenic woody plants、(5)Tissue culture of gymnosperms、(6)Mass-production culture of wood
(7)MAT-vector system、(8)Transgenic sugi without pollinosis、(9)Poplar containing low lignin content
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| Kimura, S. | Immunogold labeing of rosette terminal cellulose synthesizing complexes in a vascular plant (Vigna angularis). | |||
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| Journal of Wood Science | 45 | 1999 | 487-491 | |
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| Annals of Botany | 84 | 1999 | 429-435 | |
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| Annals of Botany | 84 | 1999 | 621-632 | |
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| Utsumi, Y. | The progression of cavitation in earlywood vessels of Fraxinus mandshurica var. japanica during freezing and thawing. | |||
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| Plant Physiology | 121 | 1999 | 897-904 | |
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| Protoplasma | 204 | 1998 | 94-102 | |
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| Helbert, W. | High resolution electron microscopy on ultrathin section of cellulose microfibrils generated by glomerulocytes in Polyzoa vesculiphora. | |||
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| Protoplasma | 203 | 1998 | 84-90 | |
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| Plant & Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 1003-1009 | |
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| Suzuki, K. | Cell wall architecture prerequisite for the cell division in the protoplasts of white poplar, Populus alba L. | |||
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| Plant & Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 632-638 | |
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| Fujino, T. | Changes in the three dimensional architecture of the cell wall during lignification of xylem cells in Eucalyptus tereticornis. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Holzforsch. | 52 | 1998 | 111-116 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Kimura, S. | A new cellulosic structure, the tunic cord in the ascidian, Polyandrocarpa misakiensis. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Protoplasma | 204 | 1998 | 94-102 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Fujino, T. | Change in pectin structure during epidermal cell elongation in pea (Pisum sativum) and its implications for cell wall architecture. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant & Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 1315-1323 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Nakagawa, N. | Increase in the amount of celA 1 protein in Tobacco BY-2 cells by a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor, 2, 6-dichlorobenzonitrile. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant & Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 779-785 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Aoyagi, S. | BEN1 and ZEN1 cDNAsencoding S1-type DNases that are involved in programmed cell death in plants. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| FEBS Lett. | 429 | 1998 | 134-138 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Awano, T. | Localization of glucuronoxylans in Japanese beech visualized by immunogold labeling. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Protoplasma | 202 | 1998 | 213-222 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Matoh, T. | Immunocytochemistry of Rhamnogalacturonan II in Cell Walls of Higher Plants. | |||
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| Plant Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 483-491 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Goodell, B. | Laccase Immunolabelling and Microanalytical Analysis of Wood Degaded by Lentinus edodes. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Holzfoschung | 52 | 1998 | 345-350 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Tanno, F. | Antimicrobial TMSAH-Addcd Wood-Inorganic Compostes Prepared by the Sol-Gel Process. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Holzforschung | 52 | 1998 | 365-370 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Goto, M. | Histochemistry and UV-microspectrometry of cell walls of untreated and ammonia-reated barley straw. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Can J Plant Sci. | 78 | 1998 | 437-443 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Mato, M. | Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone of UDP-galactose: flavonoid 3-O-galactosyltransferase (UF3GaT) expresscd in the seedling of Vigna mungo. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell Physiol. | 39 | 1998 | 1145-1155 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Utsumi, Y. | Visualization of cavitated vessels in winter and refilled vessels in spring in diffuse-porous trecs by cryo-scanning electron microscopy. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Physiology | 117 | 1998 | 1463-1471 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Hu, W-J. | Compartmentalized expression of two structurally and functionally distinct 4-coumarate: CoA ligase genes in aspen (Populus tremuloides). | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | 95 | 1998 | 5407-5412 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Sato, Y. | Changes in the activity and mRNA of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase during tracheary element differentiation in Zinnia elegans. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Physiol. | 113 | 1997 | 425-430 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Ito, M. | Cell-cycle-regulated transcription of A-and B-type plant cyclin genes in synchronous cultures. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant J. | 11 | 1997 | 983-992 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Fukuda, H. | Tracheary element differentiation. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell | 9 | 1997 | 1147-1156 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Yamamoto, R. | Brassinosteroids induce entry into the final stage of tracheary element differentiation in culturedZinnia cells. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell Physiol. | 38 | 1997 | 980-983 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Koyama, M. | Parallel-up structure evidences the molecular directionality during biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. | 94 | 1997 | 9091-9095 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Nakashima, J. | Immunocylochemical localization of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in differentiating trachcary elements derived from Zinnia mcsophyll cells. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell Physiol. | 38 | 1997 | 113-123 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Nakashima, J. | Direct Visualization of lignifying secondary wall thickenings in Zinnia elegans Cells in Culture. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell Physiol. | 38 | 1997 | 818-827 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Nakashima, J. | Inhibition of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity causes the depression of lignin accumulation of secondary wall thickening in isolated Zinnia mesophyll cells. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Protoplasma | 196 | 1997 | 99-107 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Ozeki, Y. | Plant cell culture variation during long term subculturing caused by insertion of a transposable element in a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Mol. Gen. Genet. | 254 | 1997 | 407-416 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Takeda, J. | Action spectrum for induction of promoter activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene by UV in carrot suspension cells. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Photochem. Photobiol. | 66 | 1997 | 464-470 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Sakurai, M. | Isolation and characterization of a cDNA for chalcone synthase from cultured cells of the strawberry Fragaria ananassa, cv Shikinari. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Biotechnol. | 14 | 1997 | 183-185 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Zhan, W. C. | A new approach based on the leaf disc method for Agrobacterium mediated transformation and regeneration of aspen. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Science | 123 | 1997 | 105-112 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Kajita, S. | Structural characterization of modified lignin in transgenic tobacco plants in which the activity of 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase is depressed. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Physiology | 114 | 1997 | 871-879 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Kajita, S. | Immunological characterization of transgenic tobacco plants with a chimeric gene for 4-coumarate: CoA ligase that have altered lignin in their xylem tissue. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Science | 128 | 1997 | 109-118 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Funada, R. | The orientation and localization of cortical microtubules in differentiating conifer tracheids during cell expansion. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant and Cell Physiology | 38 | 1997 | 210-212 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Ebinuma, H. | Selection of marker-free transgenic plants using the isopentenyl transferase gene as a selectable marker. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | 94 | 1997 | 2117-2121 | |
| Author | Title of Article | |||
| Ebinuma, H. | Germplasm conservation of the tropical forest trees, Cedrela odorata L., Guazumacrinita Mart., and Jacaranda mimosaefolia D. Don., by shoot tip encapsulation in calcium-alginate and storage at 12-25 C. | |||
| Journal | Volume | Year | Pages Concerned | |
| Plant Cell Reports | 16 | 1997 | 393-396 | |
| Author | Title of Book | ||
| K. Watanabe & A. Komamine | Challenge of Plant and Agricultural Sciences to the Crisess of Biospere on the Earth in the 21st Century | ||
| Publisher | Year | Pages | |
| EUREKAH-COM/LANDESBIOSCIENCE | 2000 | 309 | |
| Author | Title of Book | ||
| C. Kubota & C. Chun | Transplant Production in the 21st Century | ||
| Publisher | Year | Pages | |
| Kluwer AcademicPublishers | 2000 | 290 | |