| 1.Research Institution | University of Tokyo | |
| 2.Research Area | Physical and Engineering Science | |
| 3.Research Field | Exploratory Research on Novel Artificial Materials and Substances for Next-Generation Industries | |
| 4.Term of Project | FY1996〜FY2000 | |
| 5.Project Number | 96P00104 | |
| 6.Title of Project | Materials Science and Microelectronics of Nanometer-Scale Materials, Fullerenes and Nanotubes |
| Name | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Suematsu, Hiroyoshi | Graduate school of Sciences, University of Tokyo | Professor |
8.Core Members
| Names | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Fujii, Yasuhiko | Institute for Solid State Physics, Univ. of Tokyo | Professor |
| Tanigaki, Katsumi | Department of Material Science, Osaka City Univ. | Professor |
| Iwasa, Hiroyoshi | Japan Advanced Institute Science and Technology | Associate Professor |
9.Cooperating Researchers
| Names | Institution,Department | Title of Position |
| Blinder Gorgia | Faculty of Sciences, University of Tokyo | Research Associate |
| Watanuki, Tetsu | Faculty of Sciences, University of Tokyo | Research Associate |
| Ishii, Kenji | Faculty of Sciences, University of Tokyo | Research Associate |
10.Summary of Research Results
|
In this Project, we have studied the electronic, optical and magnetic properties of fullerene compounds and carbon nanotubes, and developed the basic research for their potential electronic devices. Carbon nanotube is a most attractive material in the nanometer science and technology because of the unique nature of the one-dimensional (lD) macroscopic molecule. We have succeeded first the observation of the photoconduction of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCN) with uses of a tunable-energy laser and the lithographic technique, and showed that the SWCN can work as a lD-semiconductor with the tunable band-gap energy. We also determined the electronic band structure of SWCNs from the optical absorption spectrum. Another important progress we made is to develop a new technique of the dual-probe AFM/STM method, which enable us to observe the local conductivity and electronic structure on a single SWNT (a few nanometer in diameter). This technique provides a strong tool of electronic characterization of nanometer materials. We have investigated the systematic studies of the superconductivity and magnetic properties of fullerene compounds, and obtained a complete diagram of Tc vs inter-molecular distance d. We also discovered new superconductors, new ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic fullererides. In the alkaline-earth compounds of C60, the superconductivity appears only at the C60-valency of n = 8,9, and 10, in contrast to the case of alkali C60-compounds where it appears only for n = 3. This critical difference comes from the hybridization of molecular orbitals between AE-metal and fullerene. In compounds with large molecular distance d, Tc increases significantly, but the most surprising feature is the appearance of an antiferromagnetic insulator phase. We determined the magnetic phase diagram of TN vs d, which was found to be very close to that for the single-band Hubbard model. The origin of antiferromagnetism can be ascribed to the band splitting due to the reduction of the crystal symmetry at low temperatures. Another very interesting materials we discovered is a ferromagnetic rare-earth fulleride having the giant negative magnetoresistance (GMR), which shows a negative GMR of three orders of magnitude. The phenomenum can be understood in terms of the spin-dependent tunneling conduction in the ferromagnetic powder crystal sample. |
11.Key Words
(1)Fullerene Compounds、(2)Carbon Nanotubes、(3)Nanometer Materials
(4)Electronic Structure、(5)Magnetic Properties、(6)Structure Transition
(7)Metal-Insulator Transition
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| Author | Title of Book | ||
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