From 12-18 March 2005, the second event in the "Frontier Science Conference Series for Young Researchers," a program developed by JSPS and the European Science Foundation (ESF), was held in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. JSPS president Prof. Motoyuki Ono, and ESF chief executive Prof. Bertil Andersson, opened the conference with messages of greeting. The event was co-chaired by Prof. Seigo Tarucha, The University of Tokyo, and Prof. Martin Plenio, Imperial College, London, and attended by 73 senior experts and young researchers from Europe and Japan.

Held on the theme "Quantum Information and Quantum Physics," the conference brought together leading researchers in the area of quantum information science from Europe and Japan. All of the research presentations reported exciting progress towards the implementation of experimental quantum information processing systems. The event also had scheduled into it an excursion to the ancient shogunate capital of Kamakura and a cultural program. JSPS and ESF agreed to expand the series by conducting follow-up workshops, which are to revisit the topics covered at conferences three years down the road.